LOG_NOTSET = 'notset'
LOG_DEBUG = 'debug'
LOG_INFO = 'info'
LOG_WARNING = 'warn'
LOG_ERROR = 'error'
LOG_CRITICAL = 'critical'

def get_encodings(hint_encoding='utf-8'):
    pass

text_type = type(u'')
def ustr(value, hint_encoding='utf-8', errors='strict'):
    ttype = type(value)

    if ttype is text_type:
        return value


def exception_to_unicode(e):
    pass